Title | Direct measurement of hypoxia in a xenograft multiple myeloma model by optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2017 |
Authors | T Imai, B Muz, C-H Yeh, J Yao, R Zhang, AK Azab, and L Wang |
Journal | Cancer biology & therapy |
Volume | 18 |
Issue | 2 |
Start Page | 101 |
Pagination | 101 - 105 |
Date Published | 02/2017 |
Abstract | Using photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), we evaluated non-invasively oxygenation and vascularization in vivo due to multiple myeloma (MM) progression. Mice injected with MM.1S-GFP were monitored with a fluorescence microscope for tumor progression. In vivo PAM of the cerebral bone marrow quantified the total oxygen saturation (sO<sub>2</sub>). At 28 days after the MM cell injection, the total sO<sub>2</sub> had decreased by half in the developing tumor regions, while in the non-tumor regions it had decreased by 20% compared with the value at one day post MM injection. The blood vessel density was reduced by 35% in the developing tumor regions, while in the non-tumor regions it was reduced by 8% compared with the value at one day post MM injection. Hence, PAM corroborated the development of hypoxia due to MM progression and demonstrated decreased vascularization surrounding the tumor areas. |
DOI | 10.1080/15384047.2016.1276137 |
Short Title | Cancer biology & therapy |